The Songhai Empire was one of the greatest states in West Africa, reaching its peak in the 15th–16th centuries. It was formed on the territory of modern
The Kanuri are a people living in West Africa, mainly in Nigeria, Chad, Niger, and Cameroon. They are descendants of the powerful Kanem-Born Empire, which
The Kanem-Born Empire was one of the greatest states in Central Africa, existing from the 9th to the 19th century. It was located in what is now Chad
Medicine in ancient India was closely linked to philosophy, religion, and natural sciences. The basis of medical knowledge was Ayurveda, a system of healing
The sewerage systems of ancient Indian cities, especially in Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa, and Lothali, were among the most advanced in the world.
Mohenjo-Daro is one of the oldest cities in human history, belonging to the Indus civilization (≈ 2500–1900 BC). It is located in modern-day Pakistan and
Harappa is one of the main cities of the Indian civilization that existed in the 3rd–2nd millennium BC on the territory of modern Pakistan and India.
Lothal is one of the most important cities of the Indus civilization, located in the modern state of Gujarat in India. The city is known for its archaeological